Adult Tawaki male with chick Photo: Tawaki Project
New Zealand is home to a third of the world's penguin species but unlike penguins elsewhere, ours haven't been studied a lot.
Dr Thomas Mattern is trying to change that.
He's co-lead on a comprehensive study of three species of crested penguin - the tawaki, erect-crested and eastern rockhopper.
Dr Mattern speaks to Mihingarangi from Dunedin about what they've found.
Dr Thomas Mattern is co-leader of the Tawaki Project Photo: Tawaki Project